Deep well pump



May 21931., l 'I w, M SQUIRES mosm DEEP WELL PUMP v Filed May 14 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet l x l l I J @772/0627 /wr N Squires My 12, QSL w, N, SQUI'RES 1,805,024

DEE? WELL 'PUMP Filed May 14 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 l (Zi/15.

May 12, 1931. -yv. N. sQumEs DEEP WELL PUMP Filed Ma'y 14 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 das g aires Patented May-12, 1931 PATENT OFFICE WILBUR N. SQUIRES, OF'J'OPLIN, MISSOURI, .ASSIGNOR TO HYDRAULIC DEEP WELL PUMP COMPANY, OF JOPLIN, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION F MISSOURI ment chamberhaving a considerable capac- DEEP WELL PUMP Application mea may 14, 192s. serial 110,277,591;

This invention relates to hydraulic deep well pumps and pumping systems of the character disclosed in my application, Serial No. 159,896, filed' January 8th, 1927, and more specifically constitutes an improvement on my copending application, Serial No. 219,922, filed September 16th, 1927. l

In the present application I have not shown the operating jack, but the same may be of the type shown in the aforesaid iirst application or in my copending application, Serzi'al No. 220,728, filed September 20th, 192

' In the construction. of pumps of this character it is desirable to provide as simple and rugged a mechanism as is possible since the mechanism must be disposed in the well, from which it is diiiicult to pull the sam'e for repairs or other attention.

The present form of pump preferably empoys a differential piston member, one side ing exposed to a'working column of liquid and the other to a discharge and working column of liquid known as the discharge c olumn. The pum discharges preferably through a tubular p unger into the discharge column. In order to make the pipes capable of sustaining the yhigh pressures which are employed in devices of this character, metallic packing or a fit between metallic parts is highly deslrable, but one of the diiiiculties heretofore has been the abrasive character of the impurities which maybe drawn in with the oil to be pumped or which may find their way intol the working chamber when the pump is connected to the string of tubing defining the hydraulic column.

In the present form of pump I have aimed to avoid the cutting of the working parts which would otherwise occur if such abrasive material as sand, scale, sediment and the like were permitted to accumulate on top of the movable piston or to pile up along the sides of an operating plunger or rod by roviding suitable sediment pockets into w ich such abrasive material tends to gravitate during working of the pump. Forinstance, in the main working system I provide relatively sharp shoulders leading into a central sediity so that sand, scale and the like' may be thrown away from' the working parts and deposited in such chamber. Likewise about theworking plunger I have arranged the shoulders or edges of the working cylinder to provide sharp edges for directing the sand, scale and the like away from the working surfaces and into a sediment pocket orI relatively lengthy structure, which comprises parts that must be rigidly connected for longitudinal motion, and due to the long 'stroke of these parts, which is desirable to secure capacity, it is difficult to line up the various parts so-accurately as to make them properly tight and be free of any binding action.A I have, therefore, arranged to provide joints of limited motion between the rigid parts so that even if the various working cylinders are not in absolute geometrical alinement, tight t between the parts may be maintained without binding and yet-power may be transmitted satisfactorily without lost motion or pounding of the connection.

Other and incidental advantages of the structure herein disclosed will be apparent from the following detailed description and drawings which form a part of the present application.

Now in order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of constructing and operating a device embodying my invention, I shall describe in connection with the accompanying drawings a specic embodiment of the same. l

In the drawings, Fig; 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the main parts of a pump embodyin my invention.

ig. 2 is a continuation of the lower end of Fig. 1, .showing the intake valve and anchor pipe construction.

Fig. 3 is a similar vertical lon itudinal section through the upper end o the connections or the pump, showing the telescopic joints between the inner line and 'the pump.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a similar cross sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. -7 is a cross sectional view taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Fig. l.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional View taken on line 9--9 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relation of the parts of the pump.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a modii'ied form of pump embodying my invention.

Fig; 12 is a vertical sectional view of the lower end of the pump shown in Fig. 11; and

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View. through an embodiment of my invention, disclosing the manner of making up the connections between pistons to embody selfalining joints.

lteferringnow to the diagram of Fig. 10, I provide two concentric lines or pipes running to the head of the well containing the hydraulic columns 1 and 2. At the head of the Well these columns are connected to a suitable pump jack mechanism, preferably of the type disclosed in my copending application o. 220,728, for creating alternate pulsations of pressure in the columns 1 and 2, and for taking o' the liquid which is pumped by way of the column 2.

The column 1 terminates in a motor cylinder 3 having the motor piston 4. To the motor piston 4 there is connected the diiiz'erential piston 5 and tle pumping plunger 6. The differential piston 5 ts and moves in the diii'erential cylinder 7, and the pumping plunger 6 fits in and moves in the cylinder 8. The column 2, through the intermediary of a suitable casing 9, opens into the bottom of the differential cylinder 7 and opens to the discharge of the pump 10. By the use of a hollow pumping plunger 6 with the discharge check valve 11 carried thereby the structure is greatly simplified. A suitable inlet check Valve 12 controls the inlet through a suction pipe 13 leading down through a suitable screen to the interior ot the well.

Upon the discharge of liquid under pressure into the column 1 the piston 4 is forced 4, '35 downwardly, carrying with it the dierential piston 5 and the pumping plunger 6. Since the displacement of the piston 5 is greater than the displacement of the plunger 6, liquid will be discharged from the casing 9 through the column 2 tothe head of the well. At the same time the liquid which is contained Within the plunger 6 will be transferred from the inside of the plunger to the outside thereof within the casing 9. Upon the completion of the downward stroke of the connected pistons, liquid under pressure is then discharged down the column 2, and due to the dierential between the piston 5 and the plunger 6, the movable system comprising the pistons 4 and 5 and the plunger 6,l kwillbe raised thereby, with the result that liquid is drawn into the cylinder 8 through the inlet check valve 12.

As will be described in connectionl with Fig. 13, l have provided the connection between the pistons 4 and 5 and the plunger 6 withv sel-alining joints so that the inovable piston structure will not bind in the respective cylinders, and thereby a decided improvement in tightness will be obtained and the wearing qualities of the device enhanced.

l have shown such a flexible joint at 14 -in Fig. 10 between the power piston 4 and the dierential piston 5. Obviously an additional flexible joint may be interposed between the dill'erential piston 5 and the pumping plun er 6, as is shown in Fig. 13.

Referring now to the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive, the inner hydraulic column 1 is sustained within the central pipe 10G 16, which is connected by coupling 17 to the stem 18 of the slip-joint coupling member 19 having a flange 20 for, embracing the neck 21 of the cooperating coupling member 22. rlhe cooperating coupling member 22 has 'a 105 flange 23 which is embraced between a shoulder formed on the coupling member 24 and the upper end of the cylinder member 3, which is disposed within a piece of seamless tubing 25, into which the cylinder member 110 3 is forced or otherwise secured.

The hydraulic column 2 is contained between the outer tubing 27 and the inner tubing 16. The tubing 27 is connected by a reducing coupling 28 to the coupling 24, and 115 'the said coupling 24 is in tui'n'threaded on the upper end of the tubing 25 outside of the cylinder 3. The two telescopic members 18 and 22 may be separated by raising the tubing 16 to uncover the ports formed 1n the 120 neck 21 of the member 22, these ports 29 eX-.

` tending down through the wall of the cylinder 3 and out laterally tothe side walls of the tubing 25, as shown in Figs. 3 and 9.

By this means raising the string of tubing 16 125 to separate the members 18 and 22 pci-mits draining of the liquid in7 the two columns 1 and 2 to the outside of the string.

The section of Fig. v3 is taken through the solid lands 30, 30 as will be apparent from 13 Fig. 9. Between the lands 30, 30 are the flutes or grooves 31, which provide communicating passageways from thc column 2 through the' space 15, which lies between thc lower end of the differential cylinder 7 and the upper end of the pumping cylinder 8.

Below the power cylinder 3 lies the differential cylinder 7 which is of a larger dialneter than the power cylinder 3, and which likewise contains longitudinal flutes in alinement with the flutes forming the passageways 31, suitable lands 33 resting against the inner walls of the tubing 34 whereby the differential cylinder 7 is centered in and held firmly within the tubing 34. The tubing 34 and the tubing 25 are connected together by threaded joint 35 so that the ends of the two cylinders are held rigidly in alinement. It is not essential that the lands 33 and the lands 30 of the cylinders 7 and 3 respectively be in longitudinal alinement since the grooves are Wider than the lands and hence the lands of one cylinder cannot shut off the grooves or flutes of the adjacent one. It yis to be observed that there will be a space of yvariable degree indicated at 36 in Fig. 1 Within the cylinder 7 due to the difference in placement of the pistons 4 and 5. This space is adapted to communicate with the outside of the pump through a suitable small check valve 37 so that any accumulated gas or liquid may be ejected past the check valve 37 to the outside, but no fluid can be drawn inwardly from the outside. This may result in the drawing of a vacuum or partial vacuum in the space 36 when the movable system of pistons moves downward, but there is no objection to that'.

The flutes or grooves 38, which form passageways along the outside of the cylinder 7, communicate attheir lower end with the.

'of the differential piston 5. A valve seat space 15, which space forms a manifold for the connection of the column 2, the lower end of the cylinder 7 and the discharge of thel pump 10. f

The space 15 lies within the counterbored lower part of the tubing 34, and this counterbored part 38 contains a spacing member 39 the upper end 'of which bears against a shoulder formed in the tubing 34 and the lower end of which bears against the spider 40. The spider 40 in turn rests upon the end of the tubing 41 so that the margin of the spider is clamped between the spacing member 39 and the tubing 41. The spacing member 39 contains a pocket 42 at its upper end which contains a coil spring 43 bearing a scraper 44. The scraper 44. has a sharp advance edge which tends to scrape from the sides of the tubular plunger 6 any scale, grit, sand or the like, and to deflect it towards the wall of the counterbored portion of the tubing 34. y.A chamber 45 with restricted outlets 46 is formed in the interior of the spacing member 39, and in the event of excessive '58 for the inlet check valve 12.

stroke ofthe movable piston system a shoulder on the moving fpiston system engages the scraper 44 which ts closely in a guide '1n the upper' part of the spacin member 39 and acts like a dash-pot or yie ding resistance member to check the downward motion 0f the movable piston system.

The spider member 40 has passageways 47 therethrough opening into an annular pocket 50 between the cylinder wall 8 andthe tubingv 41. The cylinder 88 at its upper end has a sharp conical shoulder 51,'which assists 1n scraping from the plunger 6 any sand scale, sediment or the like. tS-iuch sand, sca e and the .like is deflected into the pocket 50 which is designed to receive it.

The cylinder 8 comprises a removable liner member having a head or flange 52 gripped between the lower end of the tubing 41 and the flange 53 of an intake valve housing 54. A threaded coupling member 55 having an inturned flange 56 engages the flange 53 on the housing 54 and clamps it against the head '52 of' the cylinder' 8. A copper gasket 57 is preferably interposed between the lower end of the tubing 41 and the flan e of the cylinder 8. The housing 54 inclu es a valve cage An anchor pipe 60 is secured to the pipe 61, which in turn is threaded to the lower end of the cage 54. The suction pipe 13 extends from the inlet check valve 12 into the liquid to be pumped.

The plunger 6 is hollow and fits closely within the cylinder 8 to form a fluid-tight joint. The plunger passes with a loose fit at 62 through the lower part ofthe spacing member 39. At its upper end the tubular plunger 6 carries a coup ing 63 which is connected to a ca e 64 having a. stem 65 threaded into a project1on 66 formed on the lower end member 67 is clamped between the cage 64 and the coupling 63, and this seat coo crates with the discharge check'valve 11 w ich is ,p contained within the cage 64. As will be described later in connection with Fig. 13, the coupling between the plunger 6 and the piston 5 or between piston 5 and piston 4 may be made through a self-alining joint.

The power piston 4 is provided with metallic packing rings, preferably of the split type, and likewise the differential piston 5 is provided with split metallic packing rings, and the pumping plunger may likewise be so provided but preferably comprises only a plain cylindrical fit.

The power piston 4 and its connected rod 68 areformed integral with the differential piston 5, as shown in Fig. 1.' The upper part of the rod 68 and the power piston 4 are hollowed out as by drilling. to form a pocket for the reception of scale, sand and sediment, and the forward edge of the piston 4 is tapered off to form an inclined shoulder 70, facilitating the disposal of sediment Within the sediment chamber 69. Thus when the pump is firstset up the scale, sand and sediment which may accidentally be included within the inner pipe 16 will be deposited in said sediment chamber. Likewise the scale, sand and sediment which may be contained in the outer pipe 27 is caused to settle in the pocket or chamber 50 around the outside of the working barrel liner 8.

The operation of the pump thus far described is as follows:

When the piston structure is at the top of its stroke, as indicated in Figs. 12 and 3, pressure is applied to the column 1 by one of the pulsator cylinders at the head of the well, as described in my copending applications. and this column is forced downwardly, carrying with it the power piston 4, the differential piston 5 and the plunger 6. The check valve 12 is thereby seated and liquid is displaced from the inside of the hollow plunger 6 to the outside thereof in the space 15, and is thereby driven up through the column 2 to the head of the well, where the excess liquid is discharged. During the descent of the movable plunger and piston structure the space 36 is subjected to a reduction in pressure, but no fluid is drawn into the same in view of the fact that the check valve 37 opens outward only.

When the piston structure has made its stroke, pressure is released on the column 1 and applied to column 2, whereupon due to the exposed area of the differential piston 5 and due to the fact that the exposed area of the differential piston 5 is greater than the exposed area of the plunger 6, the entire svstem of movable parts is driven upwardly. The discharge check valve 11 is closed by the pressure of liquid upon it, but the intake check valve 12 is opened by the suction created by the rising of the plunger 6, thereby drawing liquid through the suction pipe 13 into the cylinder 8. When the upward stroke has been completed, pressure on the columns 1 and 2 is again reversed, and another cycle of operation is begun.

If desired, the pump may be constructed with the usual cup packing instead of metallic packing rings or to supplement the same as shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Likewise the plunger 6 may employ the usual cup leathers, such as are in common use in mechanically operated pumps. Thus in Fig. 1-1 the' upper end of the powerpiston 4 carries an eXtension or stem 75'mounting the cup leathers 76 as by means of the clamping rings 77 threaded onto the stem 75. This tends to keep the sand and sediment out of the metallic packing which is mounted on the power piston 4. The cup leathers 76 face upwardly. In like manner the threaded stem 78 below the differential piston 5 vis threaded to mount the cup leathers 79 facing downwardly as by means of the threaded clamping rings 80; also as shown in Fig. 12 the plunger 6 has connected thereto at its lower end a hollow extension 82, upon which are mounted a series of cup leathers 83 in the usual manner of a sucker rod. In this case the liner 84 for the cylinder 8 is permanently mounted in a ring 85 clalnped between the lower end of a cylinder frame 86 and the intake valve housing 54.

The liner 84 is thus movable, and it may consist of a piece of drawn tubing or the like. A sediment chamber or pocket 50 is formed between the tubing section 41 and the cylinder frame 86. Otherwise the con- .struction` of the pump shown in Figs. 11 and 12 and its mode of operation are substan= tially identical with the pump shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and the diagram of Fig. 10.

Tn Fig. 13, I have shown a modification of the movable piston structure in which the power piston 4, the differential piston 5 and the plunger 6 are connected by joints 90 and 91, permitting a limited degree of freedom in order to make these parts self-alining. Tt is difficult in factory conditions to line up within the small degree of tolerance permitted for a Huid-tight fit the respective cylinders and pistons. T have, therefore, interposed joints of a limited degree of motion to permit these parts to operate in unison even though the cylinders are not wholly in alinement. The piston 4 has an extending stem 92 upon which is threaded the anged coupling 93. The flange of the coupling 93 embraces the stem 94 which is threaded into the uper end of stem 95, forming a part of the differential or balancel pistons 5, and said stem or stud 94 has an enlarged head 96 embraced between the flange 97 and the lower end of the threaded partof stem 92. The opposed surfaces of the head 96 and the lower end of threaded part 92 are conveXly rounded 0H' and approaching each other closely so as to allow of as little'lost motion as possible. The under surface of the head 96 is preferably spherical or substantially so to allow for a small degree of angular motion while retaining a firm seat.

In like manner the joint 91 comprises a flanged coupling 98 having inturned flange 99 embracing the stem 100 of a threaded stud 101 having at its upper end a head 102 which is disposed between the flange 99` and the lower threaded end of the stem 103 integral with the balance or differential piston 5. The head 102 is provided with wrench sockets to permit it to be turned on its thread into tight engagement with threaded coupling sleeve 104 which receives the threaded stem formed on the upper end of the cage 64 for the discharge check valve 11. wise the construction of the `pump shown in Fig. 13 is identical with thatfof Figs. 1, 2

Other- A Y and 3. Obviously the supplementary cup abrasive material from the cylinders ',gravitate .thereinto.

aeoaoae to the power cylinder piston, and means providing a sediment chamber. below the upper end of-said pump cylinder to permit sediment to gravitate away from the pump piston and its cooperating cylinder. v

3. In a deep well pump, a' vertical cylinder I disposed in the well, a string of pipe connected to the upper end of the cylinder and extending to the top of the well,- and a piston ttingnin and movable in the cylinder, said piston having a downwardly extending rod, said piston and rod being hollowed out to provide a sediment chamber for receiving abrasive material and removing the'l same from the wallsof the cylinder.

4f. In a device of the class described,l the combination of a dierential motor having pistons of different diameter, communicating cylinders for said pistons, passageways for liquid communicating with the outer ends of said cylinders, a pump cylinder in line with the aforesaid cylinders and a-hollow pump plunger in the pump cylinder connected to the aforesaid pistons, said pump plunger having a discharge check valve clearing liquid from the pump cylinder into v communication 4with the adjacent open end of the larger motor cylinder.

v 5. In a device of the class described, a motor' cylinder having a piston, a pumpcylinder having a piston connected to the aforesaid piston and in alignment therewith, said connection including a joint of limited degree o f motion to allow self-alignment of the pistons in their cylinders, I,and means for applying pressure to that side of one of the plstons which is remote from the other piston whereby both, pistons are moved, the force between the pistons being transmitted asa compressive force through the joint.

6. In a device of the class described, a differential motor havingpistons of different diameters, a cylinder having bores of corresponding diameters communicating directly with each other, said pistons being connected through a joint providing a limited degree of motion toV permit the pistons to be self-aligning in their cylinder bores, passageways. for liquid communicating with the outer ends of said cylinder bores, and means for applying pressure to that side of one of the pistons which is remote from the other piston whereby both pistons are moved, the

:force betweenthe pistons being transmitted a compressive force through the joint.

7 In a device of the class described, a differential hydraulic motor comprising pistons of dierent diameter, communicating cylinders, of corresponding diameter, a pump cylinder aligned endwise with the bores of the motor cylinder, a piston in the bore of the pump cylinder, said pistons beingconnected by means including joints allowing a limited degree 'of motion between all of the pistons to permit them to be self-aligning in their corresponding bores, and means for applying pressure to that side of one of the pistons which is remote from the other .pis-

ton whereby the pistons are moved, the force between the pistons being transmitted as a compressive force throughthe joint connecting the pistons.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination of an outer tubular shell, a tubular liner having a central cylindrical bore forming a cylinder, the upper end of the liner having a tapered shoulder, a plunger fitting in said liner, said liner having a iange at its lower end, an intake valve housing having a Bange cooperating with the ange of the liner and a coupling member secured t0 the outer tubular shell and holding said Hanges together in alignment, a space between the outer shell and the liner comprising a sediment chamber for receiving abrasive material.

9. In a device of the class described, a vertical lpower cylinder, a vertical diferential cylinder 4of a larger bore abutting the lower end of the power cylinder, a pipe communieating with the upper end of the power cylinder, longitudinal passageways through the walls of the cylinders, a pipe communicating with the up er end of said passageways, the lower end o the passageways communicating with the lower end ofthe differential cylinder, a lunger member having pistons tting in sai cylinders, a valved passageway leading from the communicating ends of said cylin-ders to the outside of the device, said passageway having a check valve opening outwardly, and a -pump having a removable -liner endwise in alignment with the afore- 

